Historical timeline for October 13

Kenyan Brigid Kosgei sets a new women's world record with a time of 2:14:04 at the 2019 Chicago Marathon.

The Maldives announces its decision to withdraw from the Commonwealth of Nations.

A stampede occurs in India during the Hindu festival Navratri, killing 115 and injuring more than 110.

The mining accident in Copiapó, Chile ends as all 33 trapped miners arrive at the surface after a record 69 days underground.

At least 60 people die in eastern Papua New Guinea when a series of earthquakes rock the Finisterre Range, triggering massive landslides.

Syrian forces attack free areas of Lebanon, removing General Michel Aoun from the presidential palace.

Ameritech Mobile Communications launches the first US cellular network in Chicago.

Hijacking of Lufthansa Flight 181 by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.

A Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano Boeing 707 crashes after takeoff from El Trompillo Airport in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, killing 91.

The first electron micrograph of an Ebola virus is taken at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Dr. F. A. Murphy.

Aeroflot Flight 217 crashes outside Moscow, killing 174.

The flag of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, was officially adopted.

Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains. Twenty-eight survive the crash. All but 16 succumb before rescue on December 23.

France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.

World War II: The Soviet Riga Offensive captures the city.

World War II: Marshal Pietro Badoglio announces that Italy has officially declared war on Germany.

Ankara becomes the capital of Turkey.

Soviet republics sign the Treaty of Kars to formalize the borders between Turkey and the South Caucasus states.

The "Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Portugal.

First World War: The Battle of the Hohenzollern Redoubt marks the end of the Battle of Loos.