Historical timeline for July 25

National extreme heat records set this day in the UK, Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany during the July 2019 European heat wave.

As-Suwayda attacks: Coordinated attacks occur in Syria.

WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.

Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.

Phoolan Devi, a serving Member of Parliament, is assassinated by shooting in New Delhi, India.

Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes outside of Paris shortly after taking off at Charles de Gaulle Airport, killing 113 people.

In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.

A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.

Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.

Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.

The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.

Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.

Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.

In accord with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Israel begins its withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula.

Birth of Louise Joy Brown, the first human to have been born after conception by in vitro fertilisation, or IVF.

Puerto Rican police shoot two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.

Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.

Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.

The Sohagpur massacre is perpetrated by the Pakistan Army.

Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.